Hướng dẫn cài driver USB Wifi  NOTA 1300  Chipset RTL8812BU cho Ubuntu hoặc Linux

1. Để cài đặt bạn cần mở Terminal lên và chạy lần được các lệnh sau
```
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

git clone https://github.com/morrownr/88x2bu-20210702.git

cd 88x2bu-20210702/

sudo ./install-driver.sh

sudo reboot
```
2. Để xóa driver bạn dùng lênh
```
sudo ./remove-driver.sh

```
Chi tiết thông tin hướng dẫn đẩy đủ ở đây nếu bạn gặp lỗi bất kì .
https://github.com/morrownr/88x2bu-20210702

Đây là hướng dẫn chi tiết mình copy
Linux Driver for USB WiFi Adapters that are based on the RTL8812BU and RTL8822BU Chipsets

• Arch Linux (kernels 5.4 and 5.11)

• Debian 11 (kernels 5.10 and 5.15)

• Fedora (kernel 5.11)

• Kali Linux (kernel 5.10)

• Manjaro 21.1 (kernel 5.13)

• openSUSE Tumbleweed (rolling) (kernel 5.15)

• Raspberry Pi OS (2022-09-22) (ARM 32 bit and 64 bit) (kernel 5.15)

• Raspberry Pi Desktop (2022-07-01) (x86 32 bit) (kernel 5.10)

• RHEL 8.4 and 8.6 (kernel 4.18.0)

• Ubuntu 22.04 (kernel 5.15 and 5.17.5)

• Void Linux (kernel 5.18)

Installation Information

Warning: Installing multiple drivers for the same hardware usually does not end well. If a previous attempt to install this driver failed or if you have previously installed another driver for chipsets supported by this driver, you MUST remove anything that the previous attempt installed BEFORE attempting to install this driver. This driver can be removed with the script called ./remove-driver.sh. Information is available in the section called Removal of the Driver. You can get a good idea as to whether you need to remove a previously installed driver by running the following command:

sudo dkms status

Warning: If you decide to upgrade to a new version of kernel such as 5.18 to 5.19, you need to remove the driver you have installed and install the newest available before installing the new kernel. Use the following commands in the driver directory:

$ git pull
$ sudo ./remove-driver.sh
$ sudo ./install-driver.sh

Temporary internet access is required for installation. There are numerous ways to enable temporary internet access depending on your hardware and situation. One method is to use tethering from a phone.. Another method is to keep a WiFi adapter that uses an in-kernel driver in your toolkit.

You will need to use the terminal interface. The quick way to open a terminal: Ctrl+Alt+T (hold down on the Ctrl and Alt keys then press the T key).

An alternative terminal is to use SSH (Secure Shell) from the same or from another computer, in which case you will be in a suitable terminal after logging in, but this step requires that an SSH daemon/server has already been configured. (There are lots of SSH guides available, e.g., for the Raspberry Pi and for Ubuntu. Do not forget to secure the SSH server.)

You will need to have sufficient access rights to use sudo so that commands can be executed as the root user. (If the command sudo echo Yes returns "Yes", with or without having to enter your password, you do have sufficient access rights.)

DKMS is used for the installation. DKMS is a system utility which will automatically recompile and reinstall this driver when a new kernel is installed. DKMS is provided by and maintained by Dell.

It is recommended that you do not delete the driver directory after installation as the directory contains information and scripts that you may need in the future.

Secure mode: The primary installation script, install-driver.sh, will support secure mode... if your distro supports the method dkms uses. I regularly test the installation script on systems with secure mode on. It works very well on Ubuntu based distros. Some distros, such as Raspberry Pi OS, do not support secure mode because the hardware they support does not support secure mode making it unnecessary. There are distros that do not work with the support currently in use. If you install this driver and, after a reboot, the driver is not working, you can go into the BIOS and temporarily turn secure mode off to see if secure mode is the problem.

Installation Steps

Note: The installation instructions are for the novice user. Experienced users are welcome to alter the installation to meet their needs. Support will be provided based on the steps below.

Step 1: Open a terminal (e.g. Ctrl+Alt+T)

Step 2: Update and upgrade system packages (select the option for the OS you are using)

Note: If your Linux distro does not fall into one of options listed below, you will need to research how to update and upgrade your system packages.

• Option for Debian based distributions such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Kali and Raspberry Pi OS

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

• Option for Arch based distributions such as Manjaro

sudo pacman -Syu

• Option for Fedora based distributions

sudo dnf upgrade

• Option for openSUSE based distributions

sudo zypper update

• Option for Void Linux

sudo xbps-install -Syu

Note: It is recommended that you reboot your system at this point. The rest of the installation will appreciate having a fully up to date system to work with. The installation can then be continued with Step 3.

sudo reboot

Step 3: Install the required packages (select the option for the OS you are using)

• Option for Raspberry Pi OS (ARM/ARM64)

sudo apt install -y raspberrypi-kernel-headers build-essential bc dkms git

• Option for Debian, Kali, and Raspberry Pi Desktop (x86)

sudo apt install -y linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential bc dkms git libelf-dev

• Option for Ubuntu (all official flavors) and the numerous Ubuntu based distros

sudo apt install -y build-essential dkms git 

• Option for Fedora

sudo dnf -y install git dkms kernel-devel kernel-debug-devel

• Option for openSUSE

sudo zypper install -t pattern devel_kernel dkms

• Option for Void Linux

sudo xbps-install linux-headers dkms git make

• Options for Arch and Manjaro

If using pacman

sudo pacman -S --noconfirm linux-headers dkms git

Note: If you are asked to choose a provider, make sure to choose the one that corresponds to your version of the linux kernel (for example, "linux510-headers" for Linux kernel version 5.10). If you install the incorrect version, you'll have to uninstall it and install the correct version.

If using other methods, please follow the instructions provided by those methods.

Step 4: Create a directory to hold the downloaded driver

mkdir -p ~/src

Step 5: Move to the newly created directory

cd ~/src

Step 6: Download the driver

git clone https://github.com/morrownr/88x2bu-20210702.git

Step 7: Move to the newly created driver directory

cd ~/src/88x2bu-20210702

Step 8: (optional) Enable Concurrent Mode ( cmode-on.sh )

Note: see Concurrent_Mode.md in the docs folder to help determine whether you want to enable Concurrent Mode.

./cmode-on.sh

Step 9: Run a script to reconfigure for ARM or ARM64 based systems

Warning: This driver defaults to supporting x86 and amd64 based systems and this step should be skipped if your system is powered by an x86, amd64 or compatible CPU.

Note: If your system is powered by an ARM or ARM64 based Raspberry Pi, then one of the following scripts should be executed:

• Option for the following listed operating systems to be installed to Raspberry Pi hardware

       * Raspberry Pi OS (32 bit)

./ARM_RPI.sh

• Option for the following listed operating systems to be installed to Raspberry Pi hardware

       * Raspberry Pi OS (64 bit)
       * Kali Linux RPI ARM64
       * Ubuntu for Raspberry Pi

./ARM64_RPI.sh

Note: ARM or ARM64 based systems not listed above will likely require modifications similar to those provided in the above scripts but the number and variety of different ARM and ARM64 based systems makes supporting each system unpractical so you will need to research the needs of your system and make the appropriate modifications. If you discover the settings and make a new script that works with your ARM or ARM64 based system, you are welcome to submit the script and information to be included here.

Step 10: Run the installation script ( install-driver.sh )

Note: For automated builds (non-interactive), use NoPrompt as an option.

sudo ./install-driver.sh

Note: If you elect to skip the reboot at the end of the installation script, the driver may not load immediately and the driver options will not be applied. Rebooting is strongly recommended.

Manual build instructions: The above script automates the installation process, however, if you want to or need to do a command line installation, use the following:

make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo reboot

Note: If you use the manual build instructions, you will need to repeat the process each time a new kernel is installed in your distro.

Driver Options ( edit-options.sh )

A file called 88x2bu.conf will be installed in /etc/modprobe.d by default if you use the ./install-driver.sh script.

Note: The installation script will prompt you to edit the options.

Location: /etc/modprobe.d/88x2bu.conf

This file will be read and applied to the driver on each system boot.

To edit the driver options file, run the edit-options.sh script

sudo ./edit-options.sh

Note: Documentation for Driver Options is included in the file 88x2bu.conf.

Removal of the Driver ( remove-driver.sh or remove-driver-no-dkms.sh )

Note: Removing the driver is advised in the following situations:

• if driver installation fails
• if the driver is no longer needed
• if a new or updated version of the driver needs to be installed
• if a distro version upgrade is going to be installed (i.e. going from kernel 5.10 to kernel 5.15)

Note: The following removes everything that has been installed, with the exception of the packages installed in Step 3 and the driver directory. The driver directory can be deleted after running this script.

Step 1: Open a terminal (e.g. Ctrl+Alt+T)

Step 2: Move to the driver directory

cd ~/src/88x2bu-20210702

Step 3: Run the removal script

Note: For automated builds (non-interactive), use NoPrompt as an option.

sudo ./remove-driver.sh

Recommended WiFi Router/ Access Point Settings

Note: These are general recommendations, some of which may not apply to your specific situation.

• Security: Set WPA2-AES or WPA2/WPA3 mixed or WPA3. Do not set WPA2 mixed mode or WPA or TKIP.

• Channel width for 2.4 GHz: Set 20 MHz fixed width. Do not use 40 MHz or 20/40 automatic.

• Channels for 2.4 GHz: Set channel 1 or 6 or 11 depending on the congestion at your location. Do not set automatic channel selection. As time passes, if you notice poor performance, recheck congestion and set channel appropriately. The environment around you can and does change over time.

• Mode for 2.4 GHz: For best performance, set "N only" if you no longer use B or G capable devices.

• Network names: Do not set the 2.4 GHz Network and the 5 GHz Network to the same name. Note: Unfortunately many routers come with both networks set to the same name. You need to be able to control which network that is in use so changing the name of one of the networks is recommended. Since many IoT devices use the 2.4 GHz network, it may be better to change the name of the 5 GHz network.

• Channels for 5 GHz: Not all devices are capable of using DFS channels (I'm looking at you Roku.) It may be necessary to set a fixed channel in the range of 36 to 48 or 149 to 165 in order for all of your devices to work on 5 GHz. (For US, other countries may vary.)

• Best location for the WiFi router/access point: Near center of apartment or house, at least a couple of feet away from walls, in an elevated location. You may have to test to see what the best location is in your environment.

• Check congestion: There are apps available for smart phones that allow you to check the congestion levels on WiFi channels. The apps generally go by the name of WiFi Analyzer or something similar.

After making and saving changes, reboot the router.

Recommendations regarding USB

• Moving your USB WiFi adapter to a different USB port has been known to fix a variety of problems.

• If connecting your USB WiFi adapter to a desktop computer, use the USB ports on the rear of the computer. Why? The ports on the rear are directly connected to the motherboard which will reduce problems with interference and disconnection.

• If your USB WiFi adapter is USB 3 capable and you want it to operate in USB3 mode, plug it into a USB 3 port.

• Avoid USB 3.1 Gen 2 ports if possible as almost all currently available adapters have been tested with USB 3.1 Gen 1 (aka USB 3) and not with USB 3.1 Gen 2.

• If you use an extension cable and your adapter is USB 3 capable, the cable needs to be USB 3 capable (if not, you will be limited to USB 2 speeds).

• Extention cables can be problematic. A way to check if the extension cable is the problem is to plug the adapter temporarily into a USB port on the computer.

• Some USB WiFi adapters require considerable electrical current and push the capabilities of the power available via USB port. One example is adapters that use the Realtek 8814au chipset. Using a powered multiport USB extension can be a good idea in cases like this.

How to disable onboard WiFi on Raspberry Pi 3B, 3B+, 3A+, 4B and Zero W

Add the following line to /boot/config.txt

dtoverlay=disable-wifi

How to forget a saved WiFi network on a Raspberry Pi

Step 1: Edit wpa_supplicant.conf

sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

Step 2: Delete the relevant WiFi network block (including the 'network=' and opening/closing braces.

Step 3: Press ctrl-x followed by 'y' and enter to save the file.

Step 4: Reboot

FAQ:

Question: Is WPA3 supported?

Answer: WPA3-SAE support is in this driver according to Realtek and it works well on some Linux distros but not all. Generally the reason for WPA3 not working on Linux distros is that the distro has an old version of wpa_supplicant or Network Manager. Your options are to upgrade to a more modern distro (most distros released after mid 2022) or compile and install new versions of the wpa_supplicant and Network Manager utilities.

Question: I bought two rtl8812bu based adapters and am planning to use both in the same computer. How do I set that up?

Answer: Realtek drivers do not support more than one adapter with the same chipset in the same computer. You can have multiple Realtek based adapters in the same computer as long as the adapters are based on different chipsets.

Question: Why do you recommend Mediatek based adapters when you maintain this repo for a Realtek driver?

Answer: Many new and existing Linux users already have adapters based on Realtek chipsets. This repo is for Linux users to support their existing adapters but my STRONG recommendation is for Linux users to seek out USB WiFi solutions based on Mediatek chipsets:

https://github.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi

Question: Will you put volunteers to work?

Answer: Yes. Post a message in Issues or Discussions if interested.

Question: Were compromises made to make this work on EL8 (RHEL, CentOS, Rocky, etc) distributions?

Answer: Yes. EL8 distribution kernels contain many backports of features and fixes from newer kernels, but sometimes in ways that break drivers that are not specifically tested against. For EL 8.6 specifically, the driver contains a significant hack that ignores the current link state of the adapter when transmitting or receiving frames. This matches the behavior of ancient drivers for other chipsets that do work on EL 8.6 (as they do not check link status at all), but is really a kludge to work around a station accounting issue on these kernels. Only Ad-Hoc and Station mode have been tested.

Question: I am having problems with my adapter and I use Virtualbox?

Answer: This article may help.

Question: The driver installation script completed successfully and the driver is installed but does not seem to be working. What is wrong?

Answer: Turn secure boot off to see if that allows the driver to work. This driver is primarily tested on Debian based distros such as Ubuntu, Raspberry Pi OS and Kali. In an attempt to make this driver work well on many Linux distros, other distros, including the Arch based Manjaro is used for testing. Currently I do not have installations of Fedora or OpenSUSE available for testing and reply on user reports of success or failure. I have two test systems with secure boot on so as to test secure boot. I have not seen any secure boot problems with Debian based systems and I don't remember problems with Manjaro.

dkms is used in the installation script. It helps with a lot of issues that will come up if a simple manual installation is used. dkms has the capability to handle the needs of secure boot. dkms was written by and is maintained by Dell. Dell has been offering some Ubuntu pre-loaded systems for years so their devs likely test on Ubuntu. I suspect Fedora and OpenSUSE may be handing their secure boot support differently than Debian based systems and this is leading to problems. This and the other repos I have are VERY heavily used and I am sure there are plenty of non-Debian users that use this driver. Are they all turning off secure boot and not reporting the problem? I don't know. What I do know is that reports like this are rare.

For the driver to compile and install correctly but not be available tells me there is likely a key issue. Here is an interesting link regarding Debian systems and secure boot:

https://wiki.debian.org/SecureBoot

That document contains a lot of information that can help an investigation into what the real problem is and I invite you and other Fedora, OpemSUSE and users of other distros that show this problem to investigate and present what you know to the devs of your distro via their problem reporting system. Turning off secure boot is NOT a fix. A real fix needs to happen.

Question: Can you provide additional information about monitor mode?

Answer: I have a repo that is setup to help with monitor mode:

https://github.com/morrownr/Monitor_Mode

Work to improve monitor mode is ongoing with this driver. Your reports of success or failure are needed. If you have yet to buy an adapter to use with monitor mode, there are adapters available that are known to work very well with monitor mode. My recommendation for those looking to buy an adapter for monitor mode is to buy adapters based on the following chipsets: mt7921au, mt7612u, mt7610u, rtl8812au and rtl8811au. My specific recommendations for adapters in order of preference are:

ALFA AWUS036ACHM - long range - in-kernel driver

ALFA AWUS036ACM - in-kernel driver

ALFA AWUS036ACH - long range - driver

ALFA AWUS036ACS - driver

To ask questions, go to USB-WiFi and post in Discussions or Issues.

Question: Are there any known problems with AP mode?

Answer: Overall this driver does a good job with AP mode. During testing and work prior to making this driver available, the team working on this driver noticed some problems in AP mode if used with a Raspberry Pi 4B. We were unable to discover or fix the exact cause of the problem but the workaround is to keep the driver in USB2 mode. This workaround only applies to AP mode with Raspberry Pi 4B. No problems were noted with systems that use x86 or amd64 processors.